The European Commission has opened an investigation into Sanofi over claims it ran a “misleading” campaign against a rival flu vaccine. The probe centers on whether the French pharmaceutical giant violated antitrust rules by disparaging a competitor's product.

Regulators are examining Sanofi's promotional tactics as part of broader efforts to maintain fair competition in the vaccine market. This case underscores ongoing scrutiny of how drugmakers communicate about rival treatments.

The investigation is at an early stage, with no formal charges filed yet. Sanofi has not publicly commented on the allegations. The Commission's action follows complaints that the campaign could have distorted healthcare provider decisions.

If found in breach, Sanofi could face significant fines. The case may also set a precedent for how pharmaceutical companies discuss competitor products in marketing materials.

The probe highlights the delicate balance between legitimate product promotion and anti-competitive behavior in the pharmaceutical industry.